Poliomyelitis is a serious viral infection, which is rarely seen now in Australia, thanks to a widely successful immunisation program.

Cause

The poliomyelitis virus is spread via coughing or sneezing, or by handling infected stools.

Clinical features

The incubation period for polio can be from 3 days to 3 weeks. Initially the child may have symptoms similar to those of a heavy cold or flu, with fever, headache and generalised aches and pains. In severe cases this progresses and the nerves are affected, causing paralysis of certain muscles, which is usually permanent. Muscles commonly affected are those of the limbs, or those used for breathing.

When to see your doctor

See your doctor if your child has any of the symptoms described above.

Treatment

Any child suspected of having polio should be seen by a doctor and admitted to hospital if there are any signs of paralysis. If your child has not been immunised against polio for any reason, make sure you let your doctor know.

Prevention

All children should be immunised against polio. Because the condition is now so rare (due to successful immunisation program), many parents have become complacent about immunisation. Make sure that your child is fully immunised.

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